For example, if you are a 60-year-old female, a Z-score compares your bone density to the average bone density of 60-year-old females.
If your bones are less dense than the average adult, your standard deviation may be -2 or -3 indicating that your bone mass is 20–30% below that of the average 30 year old.Ī Z-score compares your bone density to the average bone density of people your own age and gender. If your bones are stronger than the average adult, your bone mass may be +1 or +2 SD indicating that your bones have a mass 10–20% above that of the average 30 year old. If you are exactly equal to the peak bone mass of an average 30-year-old, you do not deviate at all from the average so your T-score would be 0 standard deviations (SD). One standard deviation is equal to a 10–12% difference in bone mass. The manufacturers of the DXA machines have programmed them to use a formula to compute these values. The score that you receive from your bone density (BMD or DXA) test is measured as a standard deviation from the mean. The results for the entire population will be distributed around an average score (the mean).Ī T-score is a standard deviation - a mathematical term that calculates how much a result varies from the average or mean. A bone density test is like any other medical test or measurement. The T-score on your bone density report shows how much your bone mass differs from the bone mass of an average healthy 30 year old adult.
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